Recommended Zidovudine Dosages to reduce Perinatal HIV Transmission-1999

 


Antepartum therapy

Begin after 14 weeks' gestation: Zidovudine (Retrovir), 100mg orally five times per day

Intrapartum therapy

Intravenous zidovudine, 2 mg per kg loading dose over 30 to 60 minutes, followed by 1 mg per kg per hour drip until cord is clamped

Zidovudine may be mixed in normal saline, 5% dextrose in normal saline, lactated Ringers, or 5% dextrose in lactated Ringers (may be piggybacked)

If delivery is anticipated within 30 minutes of time of arrival, a diluted bolus of zidovudine can be given (maximum concentration: 4 mg per mL)

If intravenous zidvudine is unavailable, an oral loading dose of 400 mg followed by 200 mg every two hours may be considered, although efficacy has not been studied

In patients undergoing induction of labor, zidovudine should be given when induction begins

In patients undergoing elective cesarean section, zidovudine should be started four hours before surgery

Newborn therapy

Zidovudine syrup, 2 mg per kg per dose four times daily for six weeks, begun within eight to 12 hours of birth

It is unlikely that any benefit will be gained if therapy is delayed until after the first 48 hours of life

If the infant's staus is NPO, intravenous zidovudine should be given, 1.5 mg per kg over 30 minutes, every six hours

Dosages for premature infants are as yet unknown

 


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